نشریه پژوهش های مشاوره
پیاپی 88 (زمستان 1402)

Caregiving is fundamental to human relationships and plays a crucial role in the quality and stability of marital relationships. The present study aimed to explain the concept of couple caregiving.

This qualitative research was conducted in 2021, adopting a grounded theory approach. For this purpose, ten couples residing in city of Aligudarz (Iran) were selected based on inclusion criteria and purposive sampling. The sampling continued until data saturation was reached. These individuals were examined through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s (2014) method and the MAXQDA20 software. 

The data analysis led to the identification of 78 open codes and 13 axial codes in the form of causal conditions: life history, conscious marriage; contextual conditions: individual and couple contexts; efficient couple relationship; Intervening conditions: behavioral and cognitive facilitating factors; obstacles: personal and environmental stressors; Strategies for sustaining and improving care, and persona; outcomes for the caregiver and care recipient and couple outcomes and the central theme of “reciprocal couple caregiving” was chosen.

The findings indicated that factors influencing couple caregiving extend to the time before marriage. Couple caregiving involves conscious marriage and proactive and constructive actions of the couple. It is an interactive and reciprocal process that enhances the insight and awareness of the couple, and the use of care-seeking and caregiving receptivity strategies significantly contributes to its continuity.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Emotional Couple Therapy Training (Hold Me Tight) on couples' emotional abuse.

The current study was an experimental ABA single-subject design investigation. The statistical population consisted of all couples who had attended counseling centers in city of Bojnord (Iran) during 2021. From this population, three couples who had met the inclusion criteria were purposefully selected. The Emotional Abuse Scale (EAS) was used to collect data in three stages (baseline, intervention, and follow-up). The intervention consisted of the emotional couple therapy training (hold me tight) that was administered in eight 120-minute sessions for each of the 3 pair of couples. Data analysis primarily included visual analyses, such as level, trend, and variability at three stages of baseline, intervention, and follow-up, both as within-condition, and between-condition layers.

Results showed that the emotional couple therapy training (Hold Me Tight) is effective in reducing emotional abuse. The effectiveness of the results lasted for two months after the intervention.

Given the effectiveness of emotional couple therapy, therapists are recommended to draw on this protocol to help couples struggling with emotional problems such as abuse and violence.

The aim of this study was to predict suicide attempt based on psychological pains, interpersonal needs, and peer pressure in students.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included all students in city of Rasht (Iran), from which 250 people were selected through random sampling. Research instruments included Schneidmann (1993) Psychache Scale, Joiner et al. (2006) Interpersonal Needs, Dehingra, Budoshk, & O'Connor (2016) Suicide Attempt, and a peer pressure researcher-made questionnaire through which data was collected and analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression.

The results showed that there was a significant relationship between psychological pain (psychache), perceived burdensomeness, and peer pressure with suicide attempts (P <0.01). And the results of regression analysis showed that psych ache and neutral belongingness can predict suicide in students (P <0.05). But the role of psychological pain has a higher power of predictability in suicide attempts among students.

It can be concluded that psychological painss and neutral belonging are important factors that can predict suicide in students.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the experience of cultural globalization (based on the three indicators of using foreign music, using foreign media, and individualism) and consuming western clothing.

The type of research was descriptive and the method was survey. The statistical population included all female undergraduate students of Shiraz University in the academic year of 2022-23, of which 384 of them who responded came from colleges of economics, management, social sciences, literature and humanities who were selected trhough random multi-stage cluster sampling.

Based on data analysis, it can be said that there is a positive and significant relationship between the use of foreign music and the consumption of western media (B=0.459), and between the use of foreign media and the consumption of western media. There is a positive and significant relationship with medium intensity (B=0.563); and finally, there was a positive and significant relationship between individualism and consumption of western clothing with relatively high intensity (B=0.667). In addition, the results showed that the three variables of using foreign music, using foreign media, and individualism (as indicators of cultural globalization) were able to explain and predict about 52% of the changes related to the dependent variable (consumption of western clothing).

Based on the findings, it is suggested that the cultural policy makers, while taking the necessary measures to promote the media literacy of the youth, should make some kind of contextual adjustment in the direction of using satellite networks, in relation to the representation of the interests and tastes of the young generation in the programs of the domestic networks. To prevent the influence of culturally heterogeneous elements, the necessary investment should be applied in the direction of good music productions according to the taste of young people. Finally, in the field of Islamic-Iranian clothes, a variety of new and diverse designs according to the taste of women should be considered.

The present study was conducted with the aim of employment pathology in undergraduate counseling graduates.

The present study is qualitative and has been done by content analysis method. The study population was undergraduate counseling graduates in which 15 people were selected as a sample by targeted and snowball methods. Sampling continued until the data reached saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. After the initial coding, the topics were analyzed and the categories were categorized.

The analysis of the findings of the semi-structured interview led to the extraction of 2 main themes, 6 sub-themes and 23 sub-themes on employment challenges from 88 codes. The main themes are intrapersonal challenges and extrapersonal challenges; Intrapersonal challenges include two sub-themes: personality issues and cognitive issues, and interpersonal challenges include four sub-themes: economic issues, educational issues, socio-cultural issues, and professional issues.

Findings obtained from the sub-themes of cognitive and personality issues show that it is important to know the different dimensions of the field of study at the time of choosing it and personality traits in choosing and finding a suitable job appropriate to their field of study. The results obtained from the sub-topics of external challenges also show that the unhealthy economic situation and livelihood problems on the failure to achieve a job commensurate with education, poor quality and non-practical education in the undergraduate course, lack of diversity in related jobs, the difficulty of the counseling profession and the time consumption are obstacles that make it difficult for graduates of this field at the undergraduate level to be employed in more suitable jobs.

Paying attention to the level of health and psychological well-being of students as the most important future-makers of the country is of great importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate and present a predictive model of their psychological well-being based on mindfulness mediated by coping styles.

The method of this study was descriptive-correlational which was done by structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of the study included undergraduate students of Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran (Iran), three hundred sixty five of whom participated in the study through cluster sampling. In order to collect data, mindfulness, coping styles and psychological well-being questionnaires were used. The reliability and validity of the instruments were confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis. To analyze the data, structural equation method was used with Amos software.

The results of this study showed that the effect of mindfulness on problem-oriented style and psychological well-being is significantly positive, but its effect on emotion-oriented style and avoidance style is significantly negative. The effect of problem-oriented style on psychological well-being is positive and significant, but the effect of emotion-oriented style and avoidance style on psychological well-being is not significant. Also, the mediating role of problem-oriented coping style about the effect of mindfulness on psychological well-being is significant.

The results showed that the predictive model presented has a good fit and the variables of mindfulness and problem-oriented coping style are effective in psychological well-being.

This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment therapy towards marriage and the criteria for choosing a spouse by unmarried students.

This was a pre and post test with a 2 month follow-up. The statistical population of this research included 167 unmarried students of Allameh Tabatabai University who were studying in the academic year of 2020- 2021. The sample were randomly selected and covariance was used for analysis.

The results and findings indicated that the teaching of acceptance-based therapy is effective on the components of attitude towards marriage and the criteria for choosing a spouse in single students.

Based on the results of the research, it is suggested that acceptance and commitment therapy could be use in premarital counseling